A Level Biology – Separating components

Last updated: 12/11/2019

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Question 1 of 20
1. Question
What is the process to separate cell organelles called?
- Cell fractionation
- Homogenisation
- Filtration
- Separation
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Question 2 of 20
2. Question
During cell fractionation to separate organelles, why is the material is kept on ice?
- To reduce the rate of enzymes degrading the organelles
- To help ultracentrifugation to separate the organelles
- To keep density constant
- To maintain organelle mass
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Question 3 of 20
3. Question
To separate cell organelles, the process order should be:
- Cooling, homogenisation, ultracentrifugation
- Homogenisation, ultracentrifugation, cooling
- Cooling, ultracentrifugation, homogenisation
- Ultracentrifugation, cooling, homogenisation
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Question 4 of 20
4. Question
What is the purpose of an isotonic buffer during cell fractionation?
- Prevents cells bursting or shrinking and prevents protein denaturation
- Prevents cells running out of energy
- Alters density of organelles so that they separate
- Maintains density of organelles so that they separate
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Question 5 of 20
5. Question
During cell fractionation, centrifugation is done…
- At low speed and then progressively higher speeds
- At the same speed each time
- At high speed and then progressively lower speeds
- Before homogenisation
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Question 6 of 20
6. Question
Which of the following best describes the process of cell fractionation?
- Breaking up cells and separating their organelles based on weight
- Breaking up cells
- Breaking up cells and separating organelles based on charge
- Centrifuging intact cells to separate them from growth media
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Question 7 of 20
7. Question
Why is cell fractionation carried out in a buffered solution?
- So that the pH does not fluctuate and alter the structure of organelles or functioning of enzymes
- So that the temperature does not fluctuate and alter the structure of organelles or functioning of enzymes
- So that the cells do not dehydrate and alter the structure of organelles or functioning of enzymes
- So that the cells and organelles do not burst
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Question 8 of 20
8. Question
Which of the following is the process by which cells are broken up?
- Homogenisation
- Cell fractionation
- Filtration
- Separation
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Question 9 of 20
9. Question
What is the name of the machine in which cells are broken up?
- A homogeniser
- An ultracentrifuge
- An ice bath
- An electron microscope
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Question 10 of 20
10. Question
What is the name of the fluid resulting from tissue homogenisation?
- Homogenate
- Cytoplasm
- Serum
- Filtrate
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Question 11 of 20
11. Question
Prior to ultacentrifugation, the homogenate is treated by which process?
- Filtration to remove complete cells and large pieces of debris
- Homogenization to breakdown the organelles and release their content
- Filtration to remove organelles prior to ultracentrifugation
- Heating to 60°C to inactivate enzymes
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Question 12 of 20
12. Question
Which of the following best describes the process of ultracentrifugation?
- Spinning tubes of homogenate at very high speed
- Passing homogenate through a filter
- Breaking up cells using a homogeniser
- Transfering supernatant from one tube to another
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Question 13 of 20
13. Question
Which of the following best describes what occurs during centrifugation?
- The heaviest organelles are forced to the bottom of the tube
- The lightest organelles are forced to the bottom of the tube
- The heaviest organelles rise to the top of the tube
- All organelles are forced to the bottom of the tube
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Question 14 of 20
14. Question
Put the following organelles in order of heaviest to lightest: 1. Lysosome 2. Nuclei 3. Mitochondria
- 2, 3, then 1
- 3, 2 then 1
- 1, 2 then 3
- 2, 1 then 3
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Question 15 of 20
15. Question
What is the name of the fluid at the top of a centrifuge tube after it has been spun at high speed?
- Supernatant
- Homgenate
- Filtrate
- Buffer
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Question 16 of 20
16. Question
Which of the following organelles would sediment during centrifugation at low speed (1000 x gravity)
- Nuclei
- Mitochondria
- Lysosome
- Ribosome
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Question 17 of 20
17. Question
Which of the following organelles would sediment during centrifugation at medium speed (3500 x gravity)
- Mitochondria
- Lysosome
- Ribosome
- Vesicles
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Question 18 of 20
18. Question
Which of the following organelles would only sediment by centrifugation at very high speed (100,000 x gravity)
- Ribosome
- Nuclei
- Mitochondria
- Lysosome
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Question 19 of 20
19. Question
What is the name of the force responsible for separating organelles during cell fractionation?
- Centrifugal force
- Frictional force
- Electromagnetic force
- Strong nuclear force
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Question 20 of 20
20. Question
During centrifugation, samples in tubes are placed in what component of a centrifuge?
- Rotor
- Shaft
- Motor
- Vacuum pump
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